Commons:Software
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Creation on Commons |
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Níže najdete výběr programů určených k manipulaci s multimédii (grafickými a zvukovými soubory) na základě doporučení Wikigrafiků a grafických dílen. Tyto programy představují užitečné nástroje pro všechny, kdo potřebují retušovat, upravovat či vytvářet obrázky, ilustrace, mapy, fotografie a animace. Lze je také využít k nahrávání, úpravám a převodům zvukových souborů.
Každý program má zpravidla svá vlastní dedikovaná diskuzní fóra a návody, které lze najít online. Kýžených výsledků dosáhnete zpravidla prostě tak, že do svého oblíbeného vyhledávače zadáte název programu a připíšete "forum" nebo "tutorial" (návod).
Doporučený software
These free software products have been labeled by the Wikigraphists of the Graphic Lab the "five stars" of editing and creation of images, illustrations, maps, photograph and animations:
Logo | Name | Features | Operating System | Download | Example |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inkscape | Creator of SVG vector images. It can also be used to export PNG. | Linux; Windows; Mac OS X | inkscape.org | | |
GIMP | Similar to Photoshop, suite for image manipulation and creation of raster graphics, PNG, JPG, GIF, XCF). Can also be used to create animations when the GIMP Animation Package (GAP) is installed. | Linux; BSD; Solaris; Windows; Mac OS X | gimp.org | ||
hugin | Stitch panorama images and correct perspective | Windows; Linux; BSD; Mac OS X; Other Unix Systems | hugin.sourceforge.net | ||
Blender | Creation and editing of 3D images. | Windows; Linux x86/PPC; Solaris; Irix ; BSD; Mac OS X | blender.org | ||
Dia | Create and edit diagrams and graphics that only require basic shapes. Supports exporting to vector (SVG) and various raster file formats. | Windows; Linux; Mac OS X | dia-installer.de |
Pro další příklady navštivte Commons:Šablony "Vytvořeno pomocí programu...".
Užitečný software
Univerzální software
Tyto softwarové nástroje byly komunitou Commons doporučeny pro manipulaci s obrazovým materiálem:
- GIMP (domovská stránka www.gimp.org) - Svobodný a otevřený program pro úpravu obrázků, funkcemi i kvalitou podobný slavnému Photoshopu, dostupný pro Linux, Windows a Mac OS X. Umí otevírat a upravovat mnoho formátů souborů, mezi jinými samozřejmě také JPEG, PNG a animované GIFy.
- Inkscape (domovská stránka www.inkscape.org) - Svobodný a otevřený program pro práci s vektorovou grafikou, srovnatelný s Adobe Illustrator nebo Corel Draw. Dostupný pro Linux, Windows a Mac OS X.
- LibreOffice - Svobodný a otevřený nástroj, který zvládá všechny druhy obrázků. Dostupný pro Linux, Windows a Mac OS X.
- ImageMagick, domovská stránka www.imagemagick.org - Převody obrázků, efekty, prohlížení... Obzvláště vhodný pro zpracovávání dávkou nebo skriptem. (svobodný, Open source - pro Linux, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS 9 nebo X a další)
- GQview, domovská stránka http://gqview.sourceforge.net/ je vynikající prohlížeč obrázků. (Zdarma pro GNU/Linux, neoficiální verze i pro Windows)
- Novější program odvozený z GQview je Geeqie, domovská stránka http://geeqie.sourceforge.net/ (pro Linux, BSD, MacOS X, Solaris).
- Paint.NET, home page at www.getpaint.net - free and open-source (closed-source since version 3.5), with a good user interface, but Windows-only. Supports PNG, GIF, JPEG, BMP, TIFF, PSD (with plugin) and NEF (Nikon Electronic Format) RAW format for Nikon as well as conversion between and manipulation of images in these formats.
- darktable, www.darktable.org - non-destructive photo management and editing, especially when you work with RAW files - great for cropping, keystone correction, color correction, sharpening, etc.; free and open source and available for Linux/Unix-like, OS X, and Windows.
- RawTherapee, create Images from RAW-Files, free, for Linux, Windows, Mac OS X
- IrfanView, home page at www.irfanview.com (for Microsoft Windows. A multi-featured tool, supports many image formats. Good at viewing/converting images.)
- XnView, home page at www.xnview.com (various platforms. A multi-featured tool, supports many image formats. Good at viewing/converting images, adding IPTC metadata and GPS coordinates).
Online nástroje
- Zamzar, home page at zamzar.com - offers an online file conversion service for various formats, including Ogg video and audio.
- FreeFileConvert, home page at freefileconvert.com - allows user to convert files in different formats, supports most popular video, audio, document and image formats.
- FileViewer - an online tool for viewing many obscure graphics formats (PPM, TGA, PCX, etc.), and converting them to JPG or PNG.
- MP4 to MP3 Converter - allows user to convert MP4 video file into MP3 audio files.
Spojování panoramat / úpravy perspektivy
- Hugin is a cross-platform free/open-source panorama photo stitching program. It can also be used for keystone correction. Examples: Category:Created with Hugin.
- MS Image Composite Editor is a stitching program with advanced orientation adjustment view and supports planar, cylindrical, and spherical projections.
- AutoStitch is a Windows stitching program which works fine with photos which were taken in regard of using them for stitching. Handling is very easy but there is no way of manual correction. Category:Created with Autostitch
- ShiftN Freeware for automatic keystone correction of photos by detecting converging lines. Examples: Category:Corrected with ShiftN.
JPEG
JPEG is a lossy image format; most image editing software can encode and decode it but it is also possible to perform certain transformations on a JPEG losslessly.
- Jpegcrop and jpegtran:
jpegtran
is a command line app that can perform a variety of lossless transformations on JPEG files; it can be used with MaPiVi for a GUI (although the selection preview size seems to be limited?). Jpegcrop is a command line tool with similar functionality, there is also a windows version available with GUI.
- There is an EXIF tag, “Orientation”, which tells viewer software that the image must be rotated before being displayed. Unfortunately, not all software supports the tag, so some images may have the wrong value in it unnoticed. The tag can be edited using exiftool (e.g. it can be neutralized with “
exiftool -Orientation=Normal
”). See Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2011/10#Autorotation_using_EXIF_tag_with_MW_1.18 and Commons:Exif for more details. Physical rotation of the image instead of editing the tag can be lossy, see Commons:Media for cleanup: Sideways pictures or pictures with noticeable camera tilt.
- Cropbot nabízí možnost bezeztrátového ořezání souborů JPEG pomocí
jpegtran,
, takže to nemusíte dělat sami na svém počítači.
- jpegpixi is a CLI tool to interpolate pixels in the specified part of a JPEG image without affecting the rest of it, except for the blocks which contain that part. Also included is
jpeghotp
, which can find hot or dead pixels in otherwise black or white JPEG images and generate configuration forjpegpixi
(that's useful if your camera has CCD defects). Source code and Debian packages are provided.
- A GIMP plug-in to use GIMP as a GUI for jpegpixi.
- JPEGsnoop. Free and open source tool to repair and analyse corrupted JPEGs. Windows-only, but works well under WINE.
- Shiftn free and open source software for automatic correction of converging lines.
GIF
GIF by zde měl být používán jen pro soubory animací; seznam nástrojů k němu také tak přistupuje.
- gifsicle: Nástroj využívající příkazového řádku pro manipulaci a optimalizaci animovaných gifů.
- UnFREEz nástroj OSS GUI pro vytváření animovaných gifů.
PNG
PNG is a lossless format to be used for any kind of diagram or screenshot for which SVG is not convenient.
- OptiPNG: a command line tool for optimising PNG images
- AdvPNG: a command line tool for further recompression of PNG images. Should be used after OptiPNG.
- PNG tools overview: comparison of various PNG tools incl. TruePNG, PNGOUT, and Zopfli
SVG
- Mateřský článek: Help:SVG
SVG, or Scalable Vector Graphics, is an XML-based vector graphics format. It can be created and edited by hand as a text file, or edited through a specialized program. Bitmaps (raster graphics) can be converted to SVG (especially diagrams, maps and so on should be)
See Help:SVG for a software list.
Ogg Vorbis (audio)
- Audacity is an advanced audio editor with support for mixing and various effects. Can export projects in Ogg Vorbis format. The manual at its site contains advice on copying audio from tapes, LPs, minidiscs etc.
- Mp3splt and oggz-chop (oggz-tools) each allow one to split Ogg Vorbis files without re-encoding.
- Shtooka Recorder is a program for windows which allows automated recording of the pronunciations of many words, expressions from a text list. (you can record 500 words in 20 minutes). It can save files in Wav/Ogg/FLAC format (including Vorbis Comment tag).
- Yazik Recorder is a cross-platform (Python) equivalent of Shtooka Recorder
- OGG Converter allows you to convert OGG files to 11 other audio formats.
Ogg Theora and WebM (video)
- Mateřský článek: Help:Converting video
Theora is a lossy video codec. On Windows you can install the Xiph DirectShow filter for playing Ogg Vorbis and Theora in Windows Media Player and Winamp. You can use the native video editing software of your operating system for editing tasks on your local machine:
- Openshot is an easy-to-use open source video editor for Windows, macOS, Linux and ChromeOS.
- Kdenlive is a powerful open-source video editor for Linux and Windows
- Pitivi is an open-source video editor for Linux
- iMovie for Mac (proprietary)
- Windows Movie Maker for Windows (proprietary, discontinued)
Viz též
- Commons:Exif (meta data)
- Commons:Typy souborů: Typy souborů povolené na Wikimedia Commons.
- Commons:Nápověda k multimédiím: Nápověda pro přehrávání a prohlížení multimediálních souborů.
- Commons:Audio a Commons:Video: Další vyčerpávající informace
- Help:Creating a DjVu file
- Help:Removing watermarks
- Commons:Tools: Další nástroje vhodné při práci na Wikimedia Commons.